Belajar Grammar Bahasa Inggris Chapter 6 : Tenses
Tenses
Tenses itu adalah perubahan bentuk verb yang menunjukkan waktu terjadinya suatu peristiwa. Secara garis besar tenses dapat dibagi menjadi 2 bagian yaitu : past (lampau), present (sekarang) tetapi secara umum dapat di bagai menjadi 3 bagian yaitu : past (lampau), present (sekarang), future (akan datang).
Contoh :
1. Danis eat rice (Masa sekarang)
2. Danis Ate rice (Masa Lampau)
3. Danis will eat rice (Masa akan datang)
Di tenses itu ada rumus dasarnya, berikut adalah Rumus Dasar dari tenses.
1. Simple (s)
2. Present (Pr) = V1 atau V s/es
3. Past (Ps) = V2
4. Future (F) = Will + V1
5. Continous (C) = Be + Ving
6. Perfect (Pf) = Have/Has + V3
Berikut adalah 16 tenses Verbal
Pembentukan kalimat
1. Kalimat negatif
Aturan :
Letakkan "Not" setelah verb auxiliary pertama
Contoh :
[+] They will have arrived here (Present Perfect)
[-] They Will not have arrived here
2. Kalimat Introgatif
Aturan :
Letakkan verb auxiliary yang pertama diawal kalimat
Pola : Verb auxiliary + Subject + Verb ordinary
Contoh :
[+] The will have arrived here (Present Perfect)
[?] Will they have arrived here ?
Pola dikalimat introgatif ini disebut pola inversi, artinya di bolak balik.
3. Kalimat negative introgatif
Aturan :
Letakkan verb auxiliary pertama diawal kalimat negatif
Pola :
Verb aux + Subject + Not + Verb ?
Verb + Not + Subject + Verb ?
Contoh :
[-] They will not have arrived here.
[-?] Will they not have arrived here ?
Catatan !
Jika kalimatnya bertenses Simple Present atau Simple Past (Kalimat Verbal) Maka munculkan do/does/did + Verb 1
Contoh :
Simple Present (Verbal)
[+] Mukidi goes to USA
[-] Mukidi does not go to USA
[?] Does Mukidi go to USA ?
[-?] Does Mukidi Not go to USA ? atau bisa juga Doesn't Mukidi go to USA ?
Simple Past (Verbal)
[+] Mukidi went to USA
[-] Mukidi did not go to USA
[?] Did Mukidi go to USA ?
[-?] Did Mukidi Not go to USA ?
Simple Present (Nominal)
[+] Batagor is delicious
[-] Batagor is not delicious
[?] Is batagor delicious ?
[-?] Is batagor not delicious ?
Construction n't
- am + not = -
- is + not = isn't
- are + not = aren't
- was + not = wasn't
- were + not = weren't
- do + not = don't
- does + not = doesn't
- did + not = didn't
- have + not = haven't
- has + not = hasn't
- had + not = hadn't
- will + not = won't
- shall + not = shan't
- would + not = wouldn't
- should + not = shouldn't
- can + not = can't
Non-Progressive Verb
Non progressive verb artinya kata kerja atau verb yang tidak bisa berpola be + Ving (Continous)
Jenis nya :
A. Berupa anggota Be kalimat nominal
Pola Dasar :
Be + Subjective Complement (Adjective, Adverb, Noun)
Berikut adalah 8 Tenses Nominal
Catatan :
Semua kalimat nominal tidak bisa berpola Be + Ving / Continous kecuali :
1. Subject berupa person
2. Subjective Complement berupa certain adjective
3. Menunjukkan makna temporary atau Tumben
Pola continous : Subject + Verb Ordinary + Being + Subjective Complement
Mari kita bandingkan
Simple Present :
Denis is kind
Present Continous :
Denis is being kind
B. Selain Anggota Be (Kalimat Verbal)
Kalimat verbal tidak akan bisa berpola BE + Ving jika terdapat Verb ordinary berupa :
Smell
Teste
Appear
Look
Feel
Time Signal
1. Simple Present
Time signal adalah penunjuk waktu yang sering digunakan dalam kalimat. Fungsinya adalah untuk memberikan informasi lebih/spesifik.
A. Simple Present
1. Adverb of Frequency
ada often, usually, always, seldom, rarely, etc.
2. Every + Time = Setiap
everyday, every morning, every 10.00 o'clock, etc.
3. On + Days = Setiap
on sunday, on friday, etc.
B. Simple Past
1. Adverb of Frequency
2. Last + Time = .....Yang lalu
last year, last week, last night.
3. Time + Ago
two years ago, an hour ago, etc.
4. General time signal
yesterday, this morning, 2017, two days before yesterday.
C. Simple Future
1. Adverb of Frequency
2. Next + Time
next, year, next month, tonight, etc.
3. Time + Later
Two hours later, a year later, etc.
4. General Time Signal
tomorrow, soon, etc.
D. Present Continous
1. This + Time
this year, this night, etc.
2. Spesific Time Signal
Now, right now, at the moment, at the present, etc.
E. Past Continous
1. General Time Signal + Spesific Time Signal
Yesterday at 7 o'clock, last night at the same time.
F. Future Continous
1. General Time Signal + Spesific Time Signal
Tomorrow afternoon, tomorrow at 10.00 o'clock
Mungkin untuk materi tenses cuma sampe disini, sebenarnya masih ada lanjutan tapi akan saya potong dan saya masukkan ke Chapter 7, karena pembahasan nya lebih detail. Sekian materi nya terima kasih sudah berkunjung, kalo teman teman mau bertanya silakan tanya lewat kolom komentar ehehe. See you papay.
Tidak ada komentar: